An illustrated outline map of Nepal in red against a beige background depicting four architects Louis I Kahn, Rem Koolhaas, Tadao Ando and Shigeru Ban (left to right) with buildings they designed in Nepal
The star architects Louis I Kahn, Rem Koolhaas, Tadao Ando and Shigeru Ban (left to right) all tried to create buildings of note in Nepal, but their endeavours have barely resonated with the local context and public.Illustration by Lamiya Huda

The Himalayan graveyard of starchitecture in Nepal

Why have four world-famous architects – Rem Koolhaas, Louis I Kahn, Tadao Ando and Shigeru Ban – tried but failed to create inspiring contemporary designs or buildings in Nepal?
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IN 2015, two devastating earthquakes hit Nepal, killing about 9000 people. The earthquakes, measuring 7.8 and 7.3 in magnitude, also destroyed the homes of some 500,000 people, with central Nepal suffering the most. Much of the damage involved buildings that were not constructed to withstand earthquakes or had been poorly maintained. In the aftermath, organisations working to rebuild in badly hit areas invited the celebrated Japanese architect Shigeru Ban to design resilient new housing for the Himalayan region.

Nepal has a long history of earthquake-resistant architecture. Traditional buildings of the Gurung community in central Nepal are based on dry masonry combined with timber structures for the floors and roofs. The Lepchas of the eastern Himalaya build nine-pillar houses and other structures often raised off the ground. These styles have proven to be highly earthquake resistant.

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